Monitoring the reaction kinetics of waterborne 2‐pack polyurethane coatings in the dispersion and during film formation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We examine the nature of the chemical reactions taking place in a waterborne two‐component polyurethane formulation consisting of an acrylic polyol latex and a hydrophilically modified polyisocyanate (hmPIC) based on the trimer of hexamethylene diisocyanate. The hmPIC was diluted with 30 wt.% of an organic solvent to reduce its viscosity and formed small (~20 nm) droplets when dispersed in water. In mixtures of the polyol and hmPIC, we monitored the rate of NCO group disappearance in the dispersed state by FTIR and showed that it varied with the choice of organic solvent. We developed a method based upon 19 F NMR to distinguish the reaction of the NCO groups with OH groups from the polyol from its reaction with water. FTIR measurements on films formed from these dispersions showed how the disappearance of NCO groups depended on relative humidity. In a more semi‐quantitative way, these measurements indicated the relative extent of urethane versus urea formation in these model coatings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".