S vacant CuIn <sub>5</sub> S <sub>8</sub> confined in a few‐layer MoSe <sub>2</sub> with interlayer‐expanded hollow heterostructures boost photocatalytic CO <sub>2</sub> reduction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The conversion of CO 2 into CO, CH 4 and other hydrocarbons through solar energy can alleviate the energy shortage problem. We design a novel photocatalyst with S defects CuIn 5 S 8 @MoSe 2 hollow structure. The interlayer‐expanded MoSe 2 can increase the adsorption of intermediates. The unique hollow structure can improve the light utilization efficiency and the electron–holes separation. CuIn 5 S 8 with S vacancies in bimetallic sites has high selectivity and photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 activity. Therefore, S vacant CuIn 5 S 8 confined in a few‐layers MoSe 2 with interlayer‐expanded hollow heterostructures exhibit super performance for photocatalytic CO 2 reduction. After 8‐h light reaction, the outputs of CO and CH 4 for the 15.3 wt% CuIn 5 S 8 @MoSe 2 sample containing S vacancies (V s ) are 30.4 and 14.7 µmol·g −1 , respectively. The mechanism is also investigated in detail through in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technology.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".