Getting to Resurgence Through Sourcing Cultural Strength: An Analysis of Robertson’s Will I See and LaPensée’s Deer Woman
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples contend that the Canadian government has failed Indigenous peoples in addressing the crisis of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls. This paper examines how two Indigenous-authored graphic novels—Deer Woman by Elizabeth LaPensee, Will I See by David A. Robertson et al.—circumvent the so-far minimal efforts of the Canadian government to respond to the completed Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls Inquiry, which itself experienced multiple delays in completion, by having their Indigenous female protagonists source strength from within their communities and cultures to “act-out” against targeted violence. I argue that in doing so, the protagonists enact resurgence, as defined by Leanne Simpson as an event that occurs through strength sourced from within Indigenous contexts. I then examine how resurgence is further practiced in the texts through conveying complex felt knowledges to readers, and through peopling the texts with missing and murdered Indigenous women. While pre-existing work has examined the ways in which Indigenous-authored comics reflect Indigenous spirituality and orature (Dudek) and Indigenous storytelling (Tiger), my paper is novel in considering the reflections of the authors on the crisis of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls, and in examining the ways in which the graphic novels themselves depict and enact resurgence as a response.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it