Sensor Fusion and Computer Vision Integrated System for Primary Separation Vessel Interface Level Estimation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In oil sands industry, primary separation vessel (PSV) is a critical component to recover bitumen from oil sands slurry. Accurate interface level estimation between froth and middlings layers ensures economical and environmental benefits of bitumen recovery. Nuclear density profiler, differential pressure (DP) cell, and image processing based computer vision system are usually used to estimate the interface level. The computer vision system, which uses a camera to capture sight glass vision frames, is considered to be the most accurate. Although the accuracy of computer vision system is high in normal operational conditions, its qualities are influenced by abnormalities, such as sight glass vision blocking, stains, and level switching between sight glasses. A sensor fusion approach, which recursively updates fusion parameters according to accurate computer vision results whenever they are reliable, is proposed. The fused results can then be used to provide reliable interface level estimation under abnormal scenarios. The sensor fusion algorithm is further integrated with computer vision system to improve froth-middlings interface level estimation accuracy and robustness. Industrial environment simulations and factory accepted test (FAT) demonstrate the advantages and effectiveness of the sensor fusion and computer vision integrated system, which is applied in the industry.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".