Parametric Evaluation of Simultaneous Effects of Damaged Zone Parameters and Rock Strength Properties on GRC
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The convergence‐confinement method via the ground reaction curve (GRC) is used as the common practice of tunnel design which demands accurate determination of the stress state and material strength behavior in different zones around the tunnel section. Besides, formation of the excavation/blast‐induced damaged zone (EDZ/BDZ) adds more complexity to the problem due to variation of elasticity modulus of the rock mass in this zone. As a result, advanced numerical methods via finite element/difference commercial packages or user‐coded, semi‐numerical techniques are required to develop the GRC, which demands a high degree of proficiency and knowledge of computational plasticity and geomechanics. In this study, a new, simple, and accurate method is proposed for prediction of GRC of circular tunnels constructed in the damaged, elastoplastic rock masses obeying softening in the plastic zone. The effects of deterioration caused by the drilling/blast in the EDZ were taken into account by assuming a reduced and varying Young’s modulus using the disturbance factor, in the form of Hoek–Brown failure criterion and the Geological Strength Index (GSI). Besides, effects of intermediate principal stress and the exponential decaying dilation parameter are taken into account thanks to adoption of the unified strength criterion (USC) as the material strength criteria. To do so, genetic algorithm (GA) via the method of evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR) is used to find a relationship between a number of 19 affecting parameters on the GRC as the input, and the internal support pressure as the target of prediction. Verification analysis was performed to verify the validity of the results using field measurements data as well as other advanced numerical studies found in the literature. Lastly, variation of the support pressure with simultaneous changes in the affecting input parameters was investigated using multivariable parametric study.
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Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
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