1445Antibiotic susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori in Arctic Canadian Indigenous communities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Our community-driven projects address concerns of Canadian Arctic Indigenous communities about Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, responsible for elevated gastric cancer mortality in the region. A key concern is poor effectiveness of anti-Hp treatment. We aimed to describe antibiotic resistance patterns in Hp isolated from project participants. Methods Participants in 7 communities underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with 2 gastric biopsies taken for tissue culture during 2008-2017. We tested Hp isolates for resistance to 7 antibiotics by Etest and assessed 4 outcomes: resistance to metronidazole, clarithromycin, 1+ antibiotics, and 2+ antibiotics. We tabulated proportion positive among isolates tested with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and used logistic regression to assess the relation of age and sex to resistance outcomes. Results Of 259 Hp isolates tested, resistance to metronidazole, clarithromycin, 1+ antibiotics, and 2+ antibiotics were (% [CI]): respectively, 35 [29-41], 19 [15-25], 44 [38-50], and 12 [8-17] overall; 38 [30-47], 24 [17-32], 49 [41-58], and 16 [11-23] in 146 isolates from women; and 30 [22-39], 13 [8-21], 36 [27-46], and 6 [3-12] in 113 isolates from men. Odds of resistance to clarithromycin, 1+ antibiotics, 2+ antibiotics, and, to a lesser degree metronidazole, were elevated in women relative to men after age adjustment and increased with age in women but not men. Conclusion In Arctic Indigenous communities in Canada, women were more likely than men to harbor antibiotic-resistant Hp, and their frequency of resistant Hp infection increased with age. Key messages Community-driven research answers questions posed by those who bear the disease burden.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".