Dynamic calculation of ATP/O ratios measured using Magnesium Green (MgGr)™
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mitochondria generate aerobic cellular energy (i.e., ATP) through the reduction of oxygen to water via oxidative phosphorylation. The efficiency of this pathway can be measured by the phosphate/oxygen (ATP/O) ratio, which is the amount of ATP produced per oxygen atom reduced. This ratio thus provides a measure of the efficiency of mitochondrial respiration that can be readily compared between species. The magnesium green (MgGr) fluorometric method permits easy measurement of ATP/O ratios from isolated mitochondria but the standard analysis approach employs an endpoint method to calculate ATP/O ratios. Here, we present a modified method of ATP/O calculation that permits dynamic observation of fluorescent measurements of the consumption of O2 (JO2) and the production of ATP (JATP). Specifically, by substituting the slope of a straight line within a given period of time (seconds to minutes) with the slope of a tangent to each time point (per second), it is possible to evaluate JO2, JATP and the ATP/O ratio in a dynamic manner. Provides second-by-second visualization of ATP/O ratios throughout experiments vs. a single measurement. Dynamic visualization allows for easy identification of outlying data and more accurate calculation of mean ATP/O ratios.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".