Prevalence of Oral Manifestations in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Referred to Shahid Mohammadi Hospital in 2018 - 2019
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: The oral mucosa is damaged in a significant percentage of patients with lupus, with the main oral lesions being ulcers, erythematous lesions, and discoid lesions. The prevalence of these lesions is estimated to vary from 9% to 45% in systemic disease and 3% to 20% in local skin disease. Objectives: One of the symptoms of lupus is its oral manifestations. Therefore, we decided to conduct a study to investigate the prevalence of oral manifestations in lupus patients referred to Shahid Mohammadi Hospital in Bandar Abbas. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the recorded information of patients with lupus referred to Shahid Mohammadi Hospital in Bandar Abbas from 2018 to 2019 was reviewed. All enrolled patients met the American College of Rheumatology criteria for classifying lupus. Recorded information, including demographic characteristics and various clinical manifestations, was recorded after examining the patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS-22 software. Results: A total of 76 patients were studied. Of them, 23 (30.2%) were males, and 53 (69.8%) were females. The mean age of the participants was 6.1 ± 42.9. The most common site of oral lesion in the participants was the lip area (36 patients), followed by buccal mucosa (22 patients), hard palate (14 patients), and dorsal surface of the tongue (four patients). The majority of the clinical manifestations of the lesion were wounds (36 individuals), followed by white and red lesions (20 patients), non-cleansing white lesions (12 patients), and red lesions (eight individuals). Conclusions: Oral symptoms are usually the first signs of this disease. For this reason, dentists have an important role to play in diagnosing emerging autoimmune diseases. Ulcers are the most prevalent clinical manifestations, according to this study, and the lips are the most prevalent location. As a result, in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, these two findings should be given greater importance than others.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".