An Evaluation of Cardiac Health in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Colony: Implications of Evolutionary Driven Increases in Concentric Hypertrophy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR) Colony was established in 1963 and is the most commonly used rodent model for studying heart failure (HF). Ideally, animal models should recapitulate the clinical disease as closely as possible. Any drift in a genetic model may create a new model that no longer adequately represents the human pathology. Further, instability overtime may lead to conflicting data between laboratories and/or irreproducible results. While systolic blood pressure (SBP) is closely monitored during inbreeding, the sequelae of HF (e.g., cardiac hypertrophy) are not. Thus, the object of this review was to investigate whether the hypertension-induced sequelae of HF in the SHR have remained stable after decades of inbreeding. METHODS: A systematic review was performed to evaluate indices of cardiovascular health in the SHR over the past 60 years. For post hoc statistical analyses, studies were separated into 2 cohorts: Initial (mid to late 1900s) and Current (early 2000s to present) Colony SHRs. Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were used as controls. RESULTS: SBP was consistent between Initial and Current Colony SHRs. However, Current Colony SHRs presented with increased concentric hypertrophy (i.e., elevated heart weight and posterior wall thickness) while cardiac output remained consistent. Since these changes were not observed in the WKY controls, cardiac-derived changes in Current Colony SHRs were unlikely due to differences in environmental conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Together, these data firmly establish a cardiac-based phenotypic shift in the SHR model and provide important insights into the beneficial function of concentric hypertrophy in hypertension-induced HF.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".