Addendum: Hidden symmetries, trivial conservation laws and Casimir invariants in geophysical fluid dynamics (2018 J. Phys. Commun. 2 115018)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract An extension is proposed to the internal symmetry transformations associated with mass, entropy and other Clebsch-related conservation in geophysical fluid dynamics. Those symmetry transformations were previously parameterized with an arbitrary function of materially conserved Clebsch potentials. The extension consists in adding potential vorticity q to the list of fields on which a new arbitrary function depends. If = q ( s ) , where ( s ) is an arbitrary function of specific entropy s , then the symmetry is trivial and gives rise to a trivial conservation law. Otherwise, the symmetry is non-trivial and an associated non-trivial conservation law exists. Moreover, the notions of trivial and non-trivial Casimir invariants are defined. All non-trivial symmetries that become hidden following a reduction of phase space are associated with non-trivial Casimir invariants of a non-canonical Hamiltonian formulation for fluids, while all trivial conservation laws are associated with trivial Casimir invariants.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.288 | 0.100 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".