Optical Properties of Nanogratings Inscribed with Conical Phase Fronts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Femtosecond laser direct writing in fused silica can lead to different modification types, one of them being the so-called nanogratings [1] - [3] . This modification type consists of self-assembled, grating-like, nanoscopic structures, that exhibit form-birefringence and a higher etching rate than pristine material. These characteristics have been exploited in various applications, including microfluidic devices [4] , data storage [5] , waveplates [6] and quantum gates [7] , to name just a few. The nanograting properties can be tuned using the laser parameters during inscription, such as number of overlapping pulse exposures, focussing condition and repetition rate. Most commonly, nanogratings are inscribed using traditional Gaussian beams. Further manipulation of the nanograting properties may arise from tuning of the inscription beam shape, which has not been systematically explored to date.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".