Effect of the Grain Sizes on the Ultrasonic Propagation and Attenuation on Different Types of Steels Microstructure During Non-Destructive Testing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper we have proposed an experimental study of the steel grains sizes effect on the shift frequency of the ultrasonic waves being propagated in steels. Ultrasonic testing has been used in most inspection services for different materials as non-destructive testing. The novelty of our research work has been focused on the investigation of the new method for determining microstructure evolution of metals by using ultrasonic signals in conjunction with changes in grain size and hardness of steels. Furthermore, we have studied the microstructure of steel types S355, S275, Corten B and S275N. The microstructure results of steels have shown the changes that have been undergone from thermal and mechanical processes by using the attenuation of ultrasound waves during non-destructive testing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".