The fundamental constants of physics and the International System of Units
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Air Canada managed to have a passenger aircraft run out of fuel in mid-air due to confusion about metric units (Stephenson in Mars climate orbiter mishap investigation board phase I report, NASA, 1999), and NASA lost an entire spacecraft due to a misunderstanding amongst engineers about the units used in the propulsion system design (Witkin in Jet’s fuel ran out after metric conversion errors, The New York Times, 1983). Measurements only make sense if the units are correct and well-defined. A unit of measurement is a definite magnitude of a quantity, defined by convention or law. Any other quantity of that kind can then be expressed as a multiple or submultiple of the unit of measurement. The Egyptians used the Farao as definite magnitude, while many years later, the french revolutionists introduced the earth as a reference and laid the foundations for the modern decimal system. Since recently, we have a truly universal and stable system that uses physics’s natural constants and laws to define the base units of measurement. This paper explains how this new concept works and how it is implemented in practice.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it