Africa's Last Colony: Sahrawi People - Refugees, IDPs and Nationals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
For three decades, some 180,000 (half the population of WS) Sahrawis have lived on the edges of Algeria in canvas tents and mud brick huts with no running water; using car batteries as their only source of electricity. Everything from food, shelter to medical care is donated by international aid agencies. The plight of Sahrawis are continuously ignored and downplayed1 partly as a result of lack of international support and media attention. Although the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) has special status with the AU, Morocco – the only exception to AU membership on the continent – also happens to be the only country that opposes membership of Western Sahara/SADR to the AU. Apart from being a bona fide member of the AU, SADR has been recognized by 84 other countries worldwide2 but certainly not the UN. Part of Morocco “convenient membership”3 with the AU is linked to on-going conflict between Morocco and SADR, commonly referred to as “Africa’s last colony.”4Against this backdrop, this paper hopes to provoke academic dialogue around the historical, legal and philosophical mindset of independence, self- determination and colonial vestiges tie to the technical inferences of “internal hostages” of indigenous Sahrawis by Morocco.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".