Gradient-Based Electromagnetic Inversion for Metasurface Design Using Circuit Models
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A gradient-based optimization algorithm that is capable of directly designing a metasurface at the circuit parameter level for a desired field (amplitude and phase) pattern or a desired power (phaseless) pattern on some region of interest (ROI) external to the metasurface boundary is presented. Specifically, the inversion algorithm designs the microwave admittance profile of each subwavelength element of the metasurface when a three-layer admittance model is assumed. To this end, a forward model that maps the admittance profile of each layer of the metasurface to the desired field on the ROI is developed. Then, for the inverse design problem, a data misfit cost functional is defined and minimized over the unknown admittance profile using analytically derived gradients and step lengths. The developed inversion algorithm is then utilized to design metasurfaces capable of beam forming in the far-field zone.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".