Phoenix dactylifera (Ajwa Date) Whole Fruit, Flesh and Powdered Seed Prevents Anti-Tuberculous Drug Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rabbits
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Hepatotoxicity induced by anti-tuberculous medicine is known due to their oxidative stress. Ajwa dates may have a role to protect liver from oxidative stressAims & Objectives: To assess the preventive effect of Ajwa date on hepatotoxicity induced by anti-tuberculous drugs in rabbits.Place and duration of study: Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore for three months, from May 2014 to July 2014.Material & Methods: Thirty rabbits were distributed into five groups. Rabbits of Group A and of B were fed on normal diet in form of pellets. Group C, D and E were provided diet containing one whole Ajwa date, flesh of one Ajwa date and powdered seed of one Ajwa date respectively in each 100 grams of diet throughout study. Group B, C, D and E were administered 50mg/kg isoniazid and 100mg/kg rifampicin orally for 14 days. Serum levels of liver enzymes Alaninetransaminase (ALT), Aspartate transaminase (AST) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin were estimated on day 0 and 14. One way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey’s test and t-test were applied for statistical analysis using SPSS 20.Results: Baseline LFTs were normal in all groups. Significant hepatotoxicity was observed after 2weeks of INH and rifampicin administration in disease control group B (ALT 200.2±19.3 & ALP 231.0±21.3 IU/L, AST 139.0±22 & bilirubin 0.48±0.046mg/dl, (p value < 0.001) as compared to healthy control group A (ALT47.2 ± 6.7 & ALP78.2 ±5.0 IU/L, AST 43.0 ± 9.7, bilirubin 0.10± 0.00mg/dl). (p value < 0.001). Concomitant Ajwa intake during the same period resulted in an equipotent significantly similar improvement in LFTs in Groups C (whole date) ALT55.7 ± 4.7&ALP 91.5 ±5.0IU/L, AST, 59.0 ± 15.3 &bilirubin 0.09 ±0.02 mg/dl): D (flesh) ALT89.8 ± 6.3 & ALP111.3 ±9.4 IU/L, AST73.7 ± 8.3 & bilirubin0.12± 0.04 mg/dl & E (seed powder) ALT85.8 ± 8.6 IU/L &ALP 92.8 ±11.4 IU/L, AST57.5 ± 5.3 &bilirubin 0.12 ±0.04 mg/dl) versus group B (p value < 0.001). and near normalization of liver function close to that of healthy control groupConclusion: Co-administration of Ajwa date whole fruit, flesh and seed powder are equipotent and effective in preventing isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".