Advanced interatrial block predicts recurrence of embolic stroke of undetermined source
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Advanced interatrial block (IAB) is an independent risk factor for ischaemic stroke. This study aimed to analyse whether advanced IAB predicts recurrence of embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). 104 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of ESUS were followed up for a median period of 15 months (interquartile range, 10-48). We recorded data on clinical variables, P-wave characteristics, and presence of IAB on the electrocardiogram (ECG). ECG findings were interpreted by a blinded, centralised rater at (XXXX2). ESUS recurrence was the primary outcome variable. Median age was 47 years (range, 19-85); 50% of patients were women. IAB was detected in 36 patients (34.6%); IAB was partial in 29 cases (27.9%) and advanced in 7 (6.7%). Sixteen patients (15.4%) presented stroke recurrence; of these, 5 had partial and 4 had advanced IAB (P = .01; odds ratio [OR] = 9.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.88-47.46; relative risk [RR] = 4.62; 95% CI, 2.01-10.61). Median P-wave duration was longer in patients with stroke recurrence (P = .009). The multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the following independent risk factors for stroke recurrence: advanced IAB (P < .001; OR = 10.86; 95% CI, 3.07-38.46), male sex (P = .028; OR = 4.6; 95% CI, 1.18-17.96), and age older than 50 years (P = .039; OR = 3.84; 95% CI, 1.06-13.88). In the Cox proportional hazards model, the risk variables identified were age older than 50 years (P = .002; hazard ratio, 7.04; 95% CI, 2.06-23.8) and P-wave duration (per ms) (P = .007; hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04). Advanced IAB and age older than 50 years predict ESUS recurrence. El bloqueo interatrial avanzado (BIA-a) es considerado un factor de riesgo independiente para infarto cerebral (IC). Nuestro objetivo fue analizar si el BIA-a predice recurrencia de IC en pacientes con infarto cerebral embólico de origen no determinado (ESUS). Ciento cuatro pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de ESUS fueron seguidos durante una mediana de 15 meses (RIQ 10-48). Los datos clínicos, las características de la onda P y presencia de BIA en electrocardiograma realizado durante el evento índice, fueron registrados. La interpretación de los electrocardiogramas se realizó de forma centralizada y ciega en (XXXX2). La recurrencia de ESUS fue el desenlace primario. La mediana de edad de los casos fue de 47 años (rango 19-85); 50% fueron mujeres. Se encontró BIA en 36 casos (34,6%); parcial (BIA-p) en 29 (27,9%) y BIA-a en 7 (6,7%). Dieciséis pacientes (15,4%) presentaron IC recurrente; de los cuales 5 tenían BIA-p y 4 BIA-a (p = 0,01;OR 9,44: IC 95% 1,88-47,46). La mediana de duración de la onda P fue mayor en pacientes con recurrencia (p = 0,009). En el análisis multivariado de regresión logística, los factores de riesgo independientes para recurrencia de IC fueron: el BIA-a (p < 0,001; OR 10,86: IC 95% 3,07-38,46), género masculino (p = 0,028; OR 4,6: IC 95% 1,18-17,96) y la edad mayor a 50 años (p = 0,039; OR 3,84: IC 95% 1,06-13,88); en riesgos proporcionales de Cox fueron: edad mayor a 50 años (p = 0,002; HR 7,04: IC 95% 2,06-23,8) y duración de la onda P (por ms) p = 0,007 (HR 1,02: IC 95% 1,01-1,04). El BIA-a y edad mayor a 50 años predicen recurrencia de ESUS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".