Radio Emission of Pulsars. I. Slow Tearing of a Quantizing Magnetic Field
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The pulsed radio emission of rotating neutron stars is connected to slow tearing instabilities feeding off an inhomogeneous twist profile within the open circuit. This paper considers the stability of a weakly sheared, quantizing magnetic field in which the current is supported by a relativistic particle flow. The electromagnetic field is almost perfectly force free, and particles are confined to the lowest Landau state, experiencing no appreciable curvature drift. In a charge-neutral plasma, we find multiple branches of slowly growing tearing modes, relativistic analogs of the double-tearing mode, with peak growth rate s ≳ 4 π k ˜ y J z / B z . Here, B z is the strong (nearly potential) guide magnetic field, J z the field-aligned current density, and k ˜ y is the mode wavenumber normalized by the current gradient scale. These modes are overstable when the plasma carries a net charge, with the real frequency ω ∼ s · ∣ n 0 + − n 0 − ∣ / ( n 0 + + n 0 − ) proportional to the imbalance in the densities of positive and negative charges. An isolated current sheet thinner than the skin depth supports localized tearing modes with growth rate scaling as (sheet thickness/skin depth)−1/2. In a pulsar, the peak growth rate is comparable to the angular frequency of rotation, s ≳ 2 k ˜ y Ω , slow compared with the longitudinal oscillations of particles and fields in a polar gap. The tearing modes experience azimuthal drift reminiscent of subpulse drift and are a promising driver of pulse-to-pulse flux variations. A companion paper demonstrates a Cerenkov-like instability of current-carrying Alfvén waves in thin current sheets with relativistic particle flow and proposes coherent curvature emission by these waves as a source of pulsar radio emission.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".