A Prototype Of Propane Refrigerant Based ASHP With Heat Recovery Ventilation (HRV) System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In recent years, an increased focus has been given to replacing high Global Warming Potential (GWP) refrigerants with relatively low GWP alternatives. Energy efficiency, carbon reduction and HFC phase-down will push the heat pump market towards natural refrigerants. Propane (R-290) is a type of hydrocarbon refrigerant with zero ozone depletion potential and very low GWP (< 4). R-290 is a pure refrigerant and has excellent thermodynamic properties. The research presented in this project is a study of the refrigerant side of an ASHP to analyze the thermodynamic performance of the propane refrigerant under different operating conditions. For this purpose, a test rig was designed and constructed in a single packaged air source heat pump unit. In addition, the air side of the tested heat pump was designed for energy recovery in cooling and heating modes. The compactness of the system and installation of air dampers allows its placement for coupling to the building renewable air sources, such as a building integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".