Indigenous land conflict and the underlying life of laws: lessons from the Ipperwash Crisis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter reads the Ipperwash Crisis (Canada) and its aftermath as affirmation of both the structural limits of the settler-state to resolve Indigenous land rights disputes and the power of Indigenous legal orders and relational worldviews to defuse conflict and guide non-oppressive relations between peoples and with the land. It understands Indigenous occupations and blockades of land as a place where Indigenous and non-Indigenous laws meet (Pasternak 2017) and extends this analysis by exploring the underlying life of law (Mills 2016): that law lives and dies by the constitutional order and lifeworld (worldview) in which it is situated. This moves the frame of reference regarding land-based conflict beyond settler-state logics and institutions. From here, it becomes possible to consider and nurture land as a source of law and treaty as living relationship, together providing a framework for living well together.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.014 | 0.023 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".