[68Ga]Ga-4HMSA a promising new PET tracer for imaging inflammation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Imaging diagnosis of inflammation has been challenging for many years. Inflammation imaging agents commonly used in nuclear medicine, such as [ 67 Ga]Ga-citrate and 2-deoxy-2-[ 18 F]fluoro- d -glucose ([ 18 F]FDG) showed some limitations. The identification of a radiotracer with high specificity and low radiation dose is clinically important. With the commercialization of 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generators and the high 68 Ga cyclotron production capacity, the study of 68 Ga-based tracer for inflammation has increased and shown good potential. In the present work, we report the synthesis of 4HMSA, a new acyclic chelator, and its first investigation for 68 Ga complexation and as a new positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agent of inflammation in comparison to [ 68 Ga]Ga-citrate. Results The present experimental studies have shown that the novel [ 68 Ga]Ga-4HMSA is stable allowing imaging of inflammation in a preclinical model of adjuvant- and pathogen-based inflammation involving intraplantar injection of complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA). We also found that [ 68 Ga]Ga-4HMSA displayed similar uptakes in the inflamed paw than [ 68 Ga]Ga-citrate, which are superior compared to those of contralateral (non-injected) paws at days 1–3 from PET imaging. [ 68 Ga]Ga-citrate accumulated in the upper body of the animal such as the liver, lungs and the heart, whereas the [ 68 Ga]Ga-4HMSA revealed low uptakes in the majority of the organs and was cleared relatively rapidly from blood circulation through the kidneys and bladder. Conclusion The results highlight the potential of [ 68 Ga]Ga-4HMSA as an interesting alternative to [ 68 Ga]Ga-citrate for inflammation imaging by PET. The new PET tracer also offers additional advantages than [ 68 Ga]Ga-citrate in term of dosimetry and lower overall background activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".