History and Dynamics of Explosive Volcanism at Tseax Cone, British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The eruption of Tseax Cone, approximately 320 years ago, is thought to be the deadliest volcanic eruption in Canadian history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 2000 people. This small eruptive center in northern British Columbia comprises two cinder cones, a highly dissected spatter cone, a tephra deposit covering an approximate area of 2.2 x 10⁷ m², and a 32 km long lava flow. New geochemical, paleomagnetic, petrographic and field data are drawn upon to propose a new hypothesis that all eruptive materials at Tseax were produced during a single period of activity. The eruptive sequence is shown to begin with low energy fire fountaining forming a small cinder cone approximately 60 m in diameter and a spatter cone 460 m in diameter. Higher energy fountaining activity from a new vent, slightly offset within the spatter cone, and the production of a tephra column slightly more than 5 km high and lasting for approximately one day followed the first eruptive phase. The high energy phase produced a larger cinder cone and a highly asymmetric, northeast elongate, tephra deposit. The final phase of the eruption was the extrusion of the lava flow accompanied by a final sputtering of ballistics from the main vent.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".