Preliminary insights into spodumene trace element composition and speciation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Spodumene (LiAlSi 2 O 6 ) is the main lithium ore mineral found in granitic pegmatites. As a pyroxene, spodumene commonly incorporates trace elements such as Fe, Mn, Sn, and Ga, however their crystal-site distribution and speciation is poorly understood. For industrial purposes, identifying how trace metals are incorporated into the spodumene crystal structure is important to the processing of Li ore. For theoretical purposes, trace element geochemistry of spodumene can reveal information about redox conditions and crystal growth mechanisms in pegmatites. In this study we explore compositional and redox changes during various formation processes of spodumene: primary growth at magmatic to hydrothermal transition, secondary growth as a product of petalite (LiAlSi 4 O 10 ) breakdown reaction, and growth from hydrothermal fluid. Samples come from Li-rich pegmatite districts including the Black Hills, SD; San Diego Co., CA; Winnipeg River, Manitoba; and Afghanistan.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".