Hoarding Disorder: Development in Conceptualization, Intervention, and Evaluation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hoarding disorder is characterized by difficulty parting with possessions because of strong urges to save the items. Difficulty discarding often includes items others consider to be of little value and results in accumulation of a large number of possessions that clutter the home. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with exposure and response prevention and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor medications traditionally used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder are generally not efficacious for people with hoarding problems. A specialized CBT approach for hoarding has shown progress in reaching treatment goals and has been modified to be delivered in group, peer-facilitated, and virtual models. Research on hoarding remains in the early phases of development. Animal, attachment, and genetic models are expanding. Special populations, such as children, older adults, and people who do not voluntarily seek treatment need special consideration for intervention. Community-based efforts aimed at reducing public health and safety consequences of severe hoarding are needed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".