An Exploratory Study Of The Potential Of Crowdfunding For Sustainable Energy Projects In Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Crowdfunding has been increasingly considered by sustainable entrepreneurs as an alternative means to finance their projects around the world. In Canada, crowdfunding is also gaining the momentum thanks to the regulations on crowdfunding prospectus exemptions that are newly effective across jurisdictions in Canada. Based on the findings from a mixed methods research approach including interviews and an online survey, this paper gives an exploratory assessment of how the founders, funders, intermediary platforms can together make an impact on the success of crowdfunding sustainable projects in Canada. It also seeks to provide insights into how the potential of crowdfunding can be explored for renewable and sustainable energy development. Finally, this paper suggests managerial advice for founders to consider when starting a sustainable energy crowdfunding campaign as well as commercialization implications for intermediary platforms to develop a multi-functional crowdfunding platform that specializes in sustainability including providing supporting services to the sustainable entrepreneurs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.022 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".