Y<scp>ukiko</scp> T<scp>atsumi</scp> and T<scp>aro</scp> T<scp>surumi</scp>, editors. <i>Publishing in Tsarist Russia: A History of Print Media from Enlightenment to Revolution</i>.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The eclectic range of chapters in this edited volume address developments in the world of Russian-language publishing in the Russian Empire from the middle of the eighteenth century to the early twentieth century, with a particular focus on what those developments meant for ideas of nationhood. The authors are in conversation above all with Benedict Anderson’s Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism (1983), and particularly with Anderson’s conception of the role of “print capitalism” in the creation of the imagined communities that are nations. In Anderson’s telling, the great expansion of printing and publishing in the nineteenth century made it possible for individuals to identify with a place much broader than their specific locale, helping to create the bonds of sympathy that were essential to making nations politically potent objects of mass devotion. The authors here do not precisely argue against this idea but instead examine...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".