Carbonate Ion Crossover in Zero-Gap, KOH Anolyte CO<sub>2</sub> Electrolysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A room-temperature zero-gap, KOH anolyte CO₂ electrolyzer demonstrating 40% energetic conversion efficiency (EE) for CO₂ to CO using AEMION anion-exchange membranes is achieved at an industrially relevant current density of 200 mA cm⁻². The concentration and volume of the anolyte are found to be critical to the determination of EE as carbonate ion crossover is shown to cause a significant increase in ECell during continuous operation. Using thicker and/or lower ion-exchange capacity variant membranes results in an approximately 20% reduction in carbonate ion crossover, which is critical for the economic viability of direct CO₂ electrolysis systems. It is proposed that future membrane designs must reduce carbonate crossover without compromising the electrolyzer efficiency and stability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".