Respiratory infections in infancy are associated with pre-school asthma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Respiratory infections in infancy are associated with preschool asthma Intro: Respiratory infection(RI) may increase the risk of respiratory morbidity in later life, however the association between infant RI and respiratory disease is not well understood. Using data from the CHILD Cohort Study(n=2364), we sought to determine whether RIs in the first 12 months of life are associated with preschool asthma. Methods: Data on RI was collected at birth to 1 year of age from parent questionnaires. RI was defined as a cold plus fever, and ≥1 of: cough, chest congestion, trouble breathing, stuffy, or runny nose in the last 3/6 months. RIs were further classified as lower tract (LRTI), characterized by cough, congestion or trouble breathing. Or, as upper tract (URTI), characterized by stuffy/runny nose only. Asthma diagnosis at age 5 was based on study physician assessments. Logistic regression was used to examine associations of RI timing (0-3,3-6,6-12m), RI type (URTI, LRTI) and asthma at age 5. Results: Of those with asthma at age 5, 11.3%and 48.5% had an RI between birth and 3m and between 6 and 12m, respectively, compared to non-asthmatics(6.9%and 40.1%). A LRTI between birth and 3m was associated with a 90% increased risk of asthma at age 5 (OR 1.9,95%CI 0.99,3.37, p=0.04). Similarly, an LRTI between 6 and 12m was associated with a 55% increase in odds of asthma diagnosis at age 5 (OR 1.55,95%CI 1.07,2.25, p=0.02). Conclusion: Our preliminary analysis suggests that infant RIs are associated with preschool asthma, and that LRTIs in the first 3m of life may have a higher associated risk than URTIs. Further work is needed to determine if this association extends to objective clinical measures of preschool asthma, like PFTs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".