A Preliminary Study of Plant Morphological Characteristics of Tao Hongjing’s A Variorum of Medicinal Properties of Plants (Bencaojingjizhu) and Influence of the Book
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tao Hongjing (456-536 AD) lived in the Southern Dynasty of China. His book A Variorum of Medicinal Properties of Plants (also called Bencaojingjizhu) made a lot of achievements in morphological records of plants. The book has some characteristics, for example, it provided the largest number of plant forms and relevant structures, had detailed observation on plant organs, recorded and identified more plant forms and relevant structures, paid special attention to forms and structures of integral parts of plants and so on. These characteristics not only enriched content of medicinal substance books, laid a solid foundation for researching the history of plant morphology and had the influence on such book content, botanical research, spirit of academic research and so on at the time and later, but also provided an important reference for identifying medicines. Although the book has shortcomings, its function and status should not be ignored in the development history of plant morphology.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".