A rodent model of acute vagus nerve stimulation for modulation of gastric function characterized by a gastric balloon
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Gastroparesis refers to partial paralysis of the stomach muscles resulting in delayed gastric emptying. It is largely idiopathic, and prokinetic drugs can be ineffective or cause adverse effects. Electrical stimulation of the stomach wall (GES) is an FDA-approved treatment method, though it is invasive and there is limited clinical evidence that GES effectively increases rates of gastric emptying. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an investigative treatment modality aimed at addressing symptoms of gastroparesis. Unlike GES, pre-clinical experiments and human studies suggest that cervical VNS can improve rates of gastric emptying and ameliorate symptoms of gastroparesis when provided acutely. However, optimal stimulation parameters for gastric emptying have not been determined, and the neural pathway for this activity has not been characterized. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of modulating gastric function by applying electrical stimulation to the left cervical vagus. In anesthetized rats, a bipolar nerve cuff electrode was implanted on the nerve and a gastric balloon was inserted via the fundus following a transabdominal midline dissection. The balloon was connected in series to a pressure transducer and an infusion pump. Stimulation trials were repeated using symmetric biphasic pulses applied with varying stimulation amplitudes and frequencies. Preliminary results showed that higher amplitude VNS (amplitude ≥ bradycardia threshold) can effectively disrupt gastric slow-wave activity and reduce gastric tone. In contrast, lower amplitude VNS (amplitude < bradycardia threshold) was able to augment gastric muscle tone and contraction amplitudes. Our preliminary findings suggest that VNS may be an effective method of modulating gastric function. The amplitude-dependent effects of VNS on rodent gastric function indicate that gastric excitation is mediated via a central mechanism. Further work is needed to better understand the functional role of vagal nerve fibers in this pathway, such that it can be translated into an effective clinical therapy. Keywords: Gastroparesis, Nerve Cuff Electrode, Vagus Nerve Stimulation, Neural Pathways
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".