A New Fully Soft-Switched, Single-Stage Bidirectional LLC Resonant Based AC/DC Converter for Hybrid Micro-grid with Active Ripple Energy Storage
Bibliographic record
Abstract
a new single-stage fully soft-switched bidirectional resonant AC/DC converter is proposed for hybrid micro-grid application. The proposed AC/DC converter is capable of achieving ZVS turn-on for all of the switches with simple modulation scheme. Galvanic isolation is provided by connecting a front-end half-bridge LLC resonant converter to AC link. Two switch pairs are controlled with sinusoidal PWM and they are connected to an output LC-type filter on the secondary side of the high frequency AC link, to provide the required sinusoidal AC side current. An active ripple energy storage is used on the DC side in order to eliminate bulky DC link capacitor. Power factor correction and low voltage ripple are achieved with implanted closed loop control algorithms. Results are provided on 1.5kW system, with a switching frequency of 103 kHz to validate the performance of the proposed AC/DC converter.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".