Migration chronology and movements of adult American black ducks <i>Anas rubripes</i> wintering in Nova Scotia, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
American black ducks, native to eastern North America, have been the focus of significant international conservation and management programs. The combined USA and Canadian population has traditionally been managed as a single population; however black duck demographics may vary by region. To help understand potential regional differences in black ducks, we used satellite telemetry to assess migratory chronology and movements of black ducks wintering near Windsor, Nova Scotia, Canada, near the northern limits of their wintering range where numbers are increasing. Wintering black ducks from Nova Scotia did not leave the Atlantic Flyway and included both longer‐distance migrants (~ 1500 km north) and locally‐breeding individuals. None of our tracked ducks travelled south of Nova Scotia during any part of the annual cycle, indicating a population segment that never leaves Canada and is subject solely to Canadian harvest pressures. Band recovery data revealed that a small portion (2.4%) of black ducks originally banded during winter in Nova Scotia were recovered south along the east coast of the USA, indicating that some of these black ducks are subject to international harvest pressures. Our results show that there are differences in annual black duck movements even within a small part of their range, adding to the growing evidence that black duck populations show fine‐scale temporal and spatial structure. This structure will need to be considered in future interprovincial and international harvest management plans of this important species.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".