The use of a novel retractor system and small animal surgery tray in a rat coronary artery occlusion model.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ventricular arrhythmias resulting from myocardial in-farction (MI) are responsible for a large proportion of the deaths from coronary heart disease in the US and Canada. Although the cause of these arrhythmias is unknown they are usually the culmination of a complex interaction of genetic, ionic and metabolic factors as well as anginal, thrombotic and related pathophysiological disorders. Despite uncertainty regarding the pathophysiological condition(s) that may precipitate these usually fatal ar-rhythmias, ischemia of the myocardium is the final com-mon substrate. Myocardial ischemia disrupts the delivery of vital oxygen and nutrients to myocardial cells and re-moval of cellular by-products that may precipitate ven-tricular arrhythmias or fibrillation. Many models designed specifically to describe the production of ischemic arrhythmias have been developed. These models have been essential in the development of drugs for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias. The rat is perhaps the most accepted laboratory species for use in this model, as its genetics, anatomy, physiology, and bio-chemistry are well understood. The rat heart, similar to that of primates and pigs, does not have extensive coronary collateral arteries. Thus, when a coronary artery is occluded an area is rendered uniformly ischemic. This provides a simple, inexpensive, reliable, and reproducible model with which to investigate arrhythmogenesis and the actions of antiarrhythmic drugs. To occlude a coronary artery in a rat it is necessary to per-form a thoracotomy, which must be maintained for the duration of the surgical procedure. While many studies describe the procedures involved in producing coronary artery occlusions in the rat, an accurate description of novel equipment used and an evaluation of its effective-ness in these procedures are neglected. Based on over ten years of experience using the rat occlusion model we have examined the novel Lone Star Retractor System and a Small Animal Surgery Tray, with a series of elastic vet-erinary stays, to determine whether this surgical equip-ment provides assistance to the cardiac researcher.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".