Bibliographic record
Abstract
Stereotype threat, motivation, self-handicapping, and self-esteem are factors that are found to affect student education and academic ability. The following literature review examines each factor individually and addresses the costs and benefits relating to education. Stereotype threat and self-handicapping are found to affect academic performance negatively. Intrinsic and extrinsic types of motivation are also found to influence academic ability. Intrinsic motivation serves as a positive influence, while extrinsic motivation is found to affect academic ability negatively. The type of motivation a student develops depends on the learning environment of the student, including the type of encouragement or pressure a student receives from parents, teachers, and peers. Different levels of self-esteem in students are also related to different levels of achievement, academic perseverance, and social anxiety. The factors examined in this literature review address concerns for biased and unsupportive classrooms. It also considers future implications of this psychological research to improve student education and promote more successful learning environments. An education system is of utmost
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".