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The Multinational Enterprise as an Organization

2009· book-chapter· en· W327034867 on OpenAlexaff
Eleanor Westney, Srilata Zaheer

Bibliographic record

VenueOxford University Press eBooks · 2009
Typebook-chapter
Languageen
FieldBusiness, Management and Accounting
TopicInternational Business and FDI
Canadian institutionsYork University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMultinational corporationInternationalizationSelection (genetic algorithm)Process (computing)Strategic ChoiceSpace (punctuation)BusinessKnowledge managementIndustrial organizationComputer scienceInternational tradeArtificial intelligence

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Abstract An essential feature of the MNE is that internationalization of activities is a process that unfolds across time and space. Historically, a company typically started as a domestic enterprise and became more international over time, as the number of countries in which it operated, the number of subunits which it had to manage, and the range of activities in which it was engaged, expanded. The basic assumption that the activities and features of its organization would change predictably with internationalization has given models of the MNE a strongly evolutionary character. Although evolutionary theory has often been associated with highly deterministic theories of environmental selection, there are many variants that allow for strategic choices and for multiple evolutionary paths.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.989
Threshold uncertainty score0.857

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.011
GPT teacher head0.188
Teacher spread0.177 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreOther

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations111
Published2009
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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