Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction The rowing ergometer (erg) has become an important tool for training and physiological monitoring of rowers. The erg has allowed sport scientists and researchers to overcome environmental factors such as current, water temperature, and wind, that can make physiological monitoring and research on rowers difficult. As a result researchers have been able to study and describe the relationship between a variety of physiological variables and rowing ergometer performance (2,10,11,13,16). The repeatability of results within a brand and between models of a brand of ergometer (12,15) is quite good but there are differences in the physiological responses to rowing on different ergometers (3,6,7). While the ergometer has aided in the advancement of the body of knowledge on rowing, rowers criticize the feel of the ergometer compared to rowing on water. During the recovery phase of the rowing stroke on water, the mass of the boat slides underneath the rower (7). On most brands of rowing ergometer the opposite occurs, the mass of the rower must move up and down the slide bar during recovery and leg drive (7). Other than the single study where Urhausen, Weiler, and Kindermann (14) examined the differences in the heart rate-lactate relationship between on-water and ergometer rowing and found that, for a given level of lactate, heart rate values were significantly higher on the water, the relationship between rowing ergometer physiological data to on-water performance has not been studied extensively. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between rowing ergometer physiological and performance data to 2000m on-water rowing performance. Methods Participants Nineteen heavyweight male rowers (26.2 [??] 3.6 years, 92.2 [??] 4.3 kg, 192.2 [??] 4.5 cm) who were part of a Canadian National Team training camp participated in the study. Sixteen of the subjects went on to compete at the World Championships. All testing was done over a two-week period. All athletes agreed to participate in physiological monitoring as part of their training program. All procedures were approved by the Rowing Canada Sports Science and Medicine Committee. Rowing time trial (2K row) A 2000m time trial in single scull boats was performed on the first day of the investigation. Athletes reported to the lake at 7:00 am and were given 60 minutes to prepare for the time trial. Each athlete performed a self-selected warm-up similar to what they would use before racing. Following the warm-up, athletes reported to the start line and were sent off 30s apart. The time trial was also being used for ranking in the team selection process; increasing the athlete's motivation to perform well. All athletes were familiar with the technique involved in sculling, having raced or trained in sculling boats in the previous six months. Maximal 45s sprint test A modified Wingate sprint test on the Concept II Model C rowing ergometer was performed 90 minutes following the maximal oxygen uptake test. Subjects performed a self-selected warm-up for 10 minutes. After the warm-up the ergometer was programmed for a 45s trial and the damper was set to provide a drag factor of 200, the maximum that is normally attained on a used ergometer. Because dust, worn parts and other factors can affect the amount of resistance provided by each stop in the resistance control dial, the drag factor is the method used on the Concept II Model C ergometer for standardizing the resistance setting between ergometers. Participants performed an all-out 45s effort with verbal encouragement. Participants were asked to row full strokes on each stroke of the test rather than use the partial strokes that are often incorporated at the start of a race. Power (W) for every stroke was calculated and displayed on the Concept II computer and recorded by the investigators. Peak power (Peak 45) was the highest power obtained on any individual stroke. …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".