Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article examines the specific formulation multiculturalism takes on in Northern Ireland, both as an explanatory concept and a practice aimed at solving the conflict. First, we explore the origins of multiculturalism as a theory which emerged mainly in Canada among liberal thinkers. Then we look at the attraction of this model in Northern Ireland whereby the conflict is explained as resulting from a lack of recognition of “cultural identities,” each community being perceived as possessing its own, clearly distinct culture. After pointing out that the acceptance of the “multiculturalist” model is not unanimous in Northern Ireland, we highlight the danger of a reification of cultures inherent in that theory. We argue that “culture” and “community” are not necessarily the one and same thing. As it is applied in Northern Ireland, the multiculturalist model leads us to neglect the political significance of segregation. We think there is in fact a common culture of conflict between the two communities in Northern Ireland.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".