Examining the spatial accessibility of palliative care services in British Columbia: recommendations for providing care in BC’s rural and remote regions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An increased need for palliative care services (PCS) has been acknowledged worldwide as the populations of many countries age.Despite this, implementation of PCS has been piecemeal in many jurisdictions.Canadian end-of-life care frameworks are beginning to address this shortcoming; however, they have largely failed to consider the challenges of delivery in rural and remote regions.This thesis examines the spatial accessibility of PCS in British Columbia (BC), and introduces the concept of palliative care hubs (PCH) for delivery in BC's under-populated regions.Spatial analysis techniques are used to identify communities that are outside of primary PCH service catchments, the proportion of the population of each Health Authority considered to be without spatial access, and the suitability of regional communities as sites for new secondary PCHs.Implementation of hubs in the most suitable communities could provide residents of surrounding regions with enhanced access to appropriate, multidisciplinary PCS at the end-of-life.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".