MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W340801201

Strike Laws, Not Children.

2000· article· en· W340801201 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenuePhi Delta Kappan · 2000
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicCriminal Law and Evidence
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsLawWifeGirlBrotherSociologyOfficerEconomic JusticeDaughterPolitical scienceCriminologyPsychology
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

DURING THE summer of 1997, Canadians followed the unusual case of an American who was vacationing in London, Ontario, and publicly spanked his 5-year-old daughter's bare buttocks with enough force that a witness complained to the police. According to the girl's father, David Peterson, he had placed his daughter across the trunk of his car because she was successfully resisting his attempts to spank her inside the car. He was punishing her, he said, for intentionally slamming the car door on her little brother's fingers. Peterson was charged with assault, strip-searched, and jailed for a day until his wife, a first-grade teacher, posted a cash bond. After the evidence was presented, Judge John Menzies dismissed the charge of assault against Peterson, stating that his court was a court of social justice. It is the law that a parent may physically discipline a child. The judge went on to describe the Petersons as responsible, reasonable, and caring parents. Subsequently, the lobby cheered that they had been vindicated and demanded that a national apology be extended to the Petersons. The children's lobby retorted that the judge's decision proved, once and for all, that the Canadian law fails to protect children from assault. A shaken Mr. Peterson, relieved to be heading home to Illinois, told the press, I think a large public debate sort of landed on us. We were just passing through, and we stepped into it.1 Judge Menzies based his decision on Section 43 of the Criminal Code of Canada, which has remained unchanged since 1892: school teacher, parent or person standing in place of a parent is justified in using force by way of correction toward a pupil or a child, as the case may be, who is under his care, if the force does not exceed what is under the circumstances. Since the turn of the century (the last one), parents and teachers have successfully invoked Section 43 hundreds of times as a defense against the charge of assault. Defense lawyers argue that the adult's use of force was reasonable under the circumstances, which is the standard set by Section 43. Every decision involving Section 43 has therefore been colored by the particularities of the situation and subject to a single judge's interpretation of reasonable. While appeals could challenge the appropriateness of the court's ruling, the law itself could not be disputed. Now, however, the law itself is on trial. When the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms was proclaimed in 1982, the federal government established an independent fund to enable citizens to challenge laws that were seen to offend the charter. In early 1999, a coalition of child advocacy groups calling itself the Canadian Foundation for Children, Youth, and the Law used this route to obtain leave to argue that Section 43 of the Criminal Code was inconsistent with the charter and should therefore be struck down. Organizations that could persuade the court that they had a legitimate interest in the outcome of the decision have now submitted their written arguments to Justice David McCombs of the Ontario Superior Court. His judgment must side with one of two very different points of view. The government of Canada, as it has when other federal statutes have been challenged, takes the position that Section 43 is constitutionally and practically sound and should be retained. The federal government has been joined by the Canadian Teachers' Federation (CTF), which has become a vocal advocate of the existing law. While the CTF has adopted policy that opposes the use of corporal punishment in schools, it warns that the repeal of Section 43 would quickly lead to chaos in the classroom. Members of parents' rights groups, who perhaps believe that anarchy already rules in schools, argue for the retention of Section 43 for different reasons. The Coalition for Family Autonomy, organized specifically to oppose the repeal of Section 43, is outraged by the idea of the state's gaining yet another excuse to interfere in family life. …

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.887
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0050.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.035
GPT teacher head0.321
Teacher spread0.286 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it