Using the TMS-induced Motor-evoked potential to evaluate the neurophysiology of psychiatric disorders
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article reviews studies carried out on the role of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as an important neurophysiological tool to assess a variety of cortical neurophysiological processes including excitability, inhibition, and plasticity. It discusses how TMS has helped to enhance the understanding of the neurobiology and the treatment of a variety of psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and Tourette's disorder (TD). The findings from these studies demonstrate that TMS is a useful tool to evaluate several neurophysiological processes that may be altered in psychiatric illness. Evidence suggests that disorders including SCZ, MDD, BD, and OCD may, in part, be associated with deficient inhibition, altered cortical excitability, and disrupted neural plasticity. Evidence also suggests that psychotropic medications alter the mechanisms, often in a direction opposite to that of illness, thus reflecting on some of their therapeutic effects.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.008 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".