Hôtellerie et développement régional : Réflexions autour de paradoxes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Textes et etudes abondent pour traiter de la place que tient l’hotellerie dans le tourisme et l’economie, entre autres pour analyser les metiers et les moyens a mettre en œuvre afin d’assurer la meilleure formation possible du personnel, pour evaluer la performance des etablissements ou pour traiter de la distribution, du marketing, de la gestion, de la fiscalite, des relations de travail et de l’ecologie. Les ecrits sont par contre fort discrets sur le lien entre hotellerie et developpement regional, surtout dans sa dimension spatiale. L’hotellerie genere des retombees directes et indirectes qui peuvent contribuer pour beaucoup – non sans paradoxes toutefois – au dynamisme economique des regions, a leur organisation et a l’amenagement de leurs espaces respectifs. Un rapide survol de quelques exemples tires du Maroc, des Antilles, du Club Med, de Charlevoix, des Laurentides de Montreal et du bassin mediterraneen nous permettra de constater que le developpement touristique structurellement agence autour de l’hotellerie profite certes a l’economie des destinations et au developpement regional, mais de maniere bien imparfaite.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Direct model labels (unvalidated)
Per-model category and study-design labels from the labeling rounds. They are machine output, unvalidated, and the disagreement between models ships as data. No study design here is MEDLINE-validated yet.
| Model arm | Categories | Study design | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| gemma | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Empirical About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Theoretical or conceptual | low |
| gpt | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Commentary About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Theoretical or conceptual | low |
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.019 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.012 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.017 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedLabeled directly by 2 models reading the full record.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".