Pollination in highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) and the effects of surrounding landscape on wild bee abundance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Over one third of the world's crops rely on pollination, primarily provided by bees, for production.I examined wild and managed pollinator contributions to yield in highbush blueberry in BC's lower mainland, and how local and landscape factors influence pollinator abundance.Honey bees made up the majority of flower visits, but half the visits to cultivar 'Bluecrop' were made by wild bumble bees.Pollination deficits declined with either increasing bumble bee visits or increasing total visits (honey bees and bumble bees combined).Bumble bee abundance increased with surrounding semi-natural land and declined with surrounding 'bee-friendly' agriculture.Local effects on bumble bee abundance disappeared in the absence of landscape influences.This work supports a growing body of literature that suggests wild bees are important crop pollinators that must be incorporated into agricultural management strategies in order to maximize potential crop yields.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".