Morphological and physiological studies of the primary olfactory pathway in the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus: Spatial organization of discrete glomerular subsets and the development of functional imaging for monitoring glomerular activity.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Olfaction is an extremely important communication modality for most organisms, yet it is probably the sensory system least understood. Recent findings have shed light on some of the basic principles that control olfactory detection and transmission of signals into the central nervous system, but the mechanisms for spatial resolution of odorants within the brain are still poorly understood. In this study we have used histological, immunocytochemical and in vivo optical imaging techniques to investigate the spatial and functional organization of olfactory bulb glomeruli of the developing Agnathan, the sea lamprey, Petromizon marinus. We characterized the glomerular pattern of olfactory sensory neuron terminals in the brain, and found discrete subsets of olfactory glomeruli. The 45 kD protein G olf, a cAMP dependent GTP binding protein, was localized in the dorsal, anterior, lateral and ventral glomeruli, but was absent from medial glomeruli. This result shows that Golf expression was present during early vertebrate evolution and is fundamental to the function of a subpopulation of vertebrate olfactory sensory neurons. We pursued the goal of combining physiological and morphological analysis of defined axonal projections by developing a preparation of the pathway of olfactory sensory axons for dynamic optical imaging. The larval stage of the lamprey provides a very powerful model, allowing for view of the entire olfactory pathway since olfactory epithelium, nerves and olfactory bulb are located in the same horizontal plane. Using a calcium indicator (Ca2+green 1-dextran), we anterogradely labeled the glomeruli, and observed pre-synaptic activity following potassium induced synchronous depolarization and olfactory stimulation with the basic amino acid L-arginine. This study established the lamprey as an appropriate model for examining spatial and temporal events during olfactory coding.Dept. of Biological Sciences. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis2002 .F76. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 41-04, page: 1024. Adviser: Barbara Zielinski. Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 2002.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".