Predicting treatment outcome in chemically dependent women: A test of Marlatt and Gordon's Relapse Model.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to test and expand Marlatt and Gordon's (1985) Relapse Model using a sample of substance-abusing women. Marlatt and Gordon hypothesized that coping skills, positive expectancies, and self-efficacy would predict post-treatment substance use. They also hypothesized that individuals who experience the abstinence violation effect following an initial lapse would be at increased risk of further substance use. Variables representing issues relevant to women were added to the original model. Specifically, poly-drug addiction and experiences with physical and sexual abuse were hypothesized to be important in any relapse model applied to women. Questionnaires were administered to 98 chemically dependent women in treatment centres across Ontario one week within their discharge date, and one, two, and three months after leaving treatment. This study found some support for Marlatt and Gordon's Relapse Model. Self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of an initial, post-treatment lapse. Participants with lower self-efficacy were at greater risk for a lapse. In addition self-efficacy mediated the relationship between coping and relapse. Participants with poorer coping skills also had lower self-efficacy which placed them at increased risk of relapse. All but one woman who relapsed reported experiencing multiple lapses, therefore the second part of Marlatt and Gordon's model could not be tested. When a liberal level of significance was used, participants who had been physically abused as children were found to be more likely to relapse, but this relationship was also mediated by self-efficacy. Finally, there was a significant interaction between expectancies and poly-drug use. Poly-drug users with higher expectancies were more likely to relapse whereas single drug users with lower expectancies were more likely to relapse. The present study found that women's confidence in their ability to remain abstinent after treatment (i.e., self-efficacy) is a key predictor of post-treatment substance use. Confidence was affected by factors such as childhood victimization and ability to cope with cravings. Consequently, treatment programs should focus on increasing self-efficacy by teaching clients coping skills and addressing issues relevant to women, such as victimization. In addition, more research is needed to explore how other issues (e.g., family of origin, motivation, etc.) affect the recovery process in chemically dependent women.Dept. of Psychology. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis2000 .C67. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 62-10, Section: B, page: 4777. Adviser: Charlene Senn. Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 2000.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".