Energy Balance in Circumstellar Envelopes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We have successfully determined the kinetic temperature of the electron gas as a function of position in the circumstellar envelopes of Be stars. Our method yields a self-consistent solution of the equation for energy conservation, thus eliminating the necessity to assume arbitrarily a temperature for the gas. Our technique has been applied to Be stars of differing spectral classes, and we have also used several models for the distribution of the circumstellar material. The observed shape and relative line strength of the H α line for several Be stars were matched successfully with these models. Recently we have begun to investigate the role of the diffuse radiation field in the Lyman continuum using the on-the-spot approximation. As a preliminary step to including metallic line cooling by the circumstellar gas, we have determined iron ionization fractions throughout the disks of both an early-type and a late-type Be star.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".