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Record W4200034457 · doi:10.1097/cxa.0000000000000128

Opioid Use Disorder Comorbidity in Individuals With Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021· review· en· W4200034457 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Canadian Journal of Addiction · 2021
Typereview
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicSchizophrenia research and treatment
Canadian institutionsUniversity of CalgaryOntario Shores Centre for Mental Health SciencesUniversity of Toronto
Fundersnot available
KeywordsSchizophrenia (object-oriented programming)Opioid use disorderComorbidityPsychiatryMedicinePopulationPsychosisObservational studyEpidemiologyPsychological interventionMeta-analysisClinical psychologyOpioidInternal medicine

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

ABSTRACT Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) disproportionately affects individuals with schizophrenia, who are less likely to receive opioid agonist therapy (OAT) and have a poorer overall prognosis. To date, there is little specific clinical guidance in managing concurrent schizophrenia and OUD. Aims: We performed a systematic review to summarize the current literature regarding comorbid schizophrenia and OUD, estimate OUD comorbidity's prevalence in persons with schizophrenia and summarize the evidence around medication management of OUD in persons with schizophrenia. Methods: We searched 5 electronic databases for all experimental studies or quasi-experimental studies, randomized controlled studies using pharmacological interventions to treat OUD in individuals with concurrent psychosis and OUD and epidemiological studies measuring the prevalence of comorbid OUD in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. We followed the PRISMA guidelines. Results: Our search strategy identified 491 records, from which 7 quasi-experimental designs and 19 observational designs met eligibility criteria. Most of the included studies explored the characteristics of OAT-receiving outpatients with schizophrenia versus those not diagnosed with schizophrenia. Most showed that the mean age of first psychiatric treatment was lower in the dually diagnosed and higher number of visits. However, there was no difference in OAT efficacy among patients with or without comorbid psychotic disorders. The meta-analyses for the lifetime and past-year prevalence of comorbid OUD among persons with schizophrenia were 5% and 2%, respectively. Conclusions: In the absence of clear evidence in the population of individuals with schizophrenia and comorbid OUD, following current guidelines for general adults remains the most evidence-based approach for this unique population. Contexte: Le trouble lié à l’usage d’opioïdes (TUO) affecte de manière disproportionnée les personnes atteintes de schizophrénie, qui sont moins susceptibles de recevoir un traitement d’agonistes opioïdes (TAO) et ont un pronostic global plus sombre. À ce jour, il existe peu d’orientations cliniques spécifiques dans la gestion de la schizophrénie concomitante et du TUO. Objectifs: Nous avons effectué une revue systématique afin de résumer la littérature actuelle concernant la schizophrénie comorbide et le TUO, estimer la prépondérance de la comorbidité du TUO chez les personnes atteintes de schizophrénie et résumer les preuves concernant la gestion médicamenteuse du TUO chez les personnes atteintes de schizophrénie. Méthodes: Nous avons effectué des recherches dans cinq bases de données électroniques pour toutes les études expérimentales ou quasi-expérimentales, les études contrôlées arbitraires utilisant des interventions pharmacologiques pour traiter le TUO chez les personnes atteintes de psychose concomitante et le TUO et les études épidémiologiques mesurant la prépondérance du TUO comorbide dans les troubles du spectre de la schizophrénie. Nous avons suivi les lignes directrices PRISMA. Résultats: Notre stratégie de recherche a identifié 491 enregistrements, parmi lesquels sept modèles quasi-expérimentaux et dix-neuf modèles d’observation répondaient aux critères d’éligibilité. La plupart des études incluses ont exploré les caractéristiques des patients ambulatoires recevant un TAO atteints de schizophrénie par rapport à ceux qui n’avaient reçu aucun diagnostic de schizophrénie. La plupart ont montré que l’âge moyen du premier traitement psychiatrique était plus tôt dans le cas du double diagnostic et le nombre de visites plus élevé. Cependant, il n’y avait pas de différence dans l’efficacité de traitement du TAO chez les patients avec ou sans troubles psychotiques comorbides. Les méta-analyses de la prépondérance au cours de la vie et au cours de l’année précédente du TUO comorbide chez les personnes atteintes de schizophrénie étaient respectivement de 5% et 2%. Conclusions: En l’absence de preuves claires dans la population d’individus atteints de schizophrénie et de TUO comorbide, suivre les lignes directrices actuelles fondées sur des études, pour les adultes en général, reste l’approche la plus recommandée pour cette population unique.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Meta-analysis · Consensus signal: Meta-analysis
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.445
Threshold uncertainty score0.997

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0060.002
Bibliometrics0.0010.002
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.066
GPT teacher head0.322
Teacher spread0.256 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it