At-Homeness Influences the Cognition of Multimorbid Older Adults: Longitudinal Path Analysis Through Loneliness
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Approximately two-thirds of older adults’ experience multimorbidity in North America. Challenges of symptoms management and reduced mobility often coincide with late-life depression which is associated with a 2 to 5-fold increased dementia risk. Loneliness and depression are connected in the prodromal phases. We examine the effects of physical environment (e.g., housing and neighborhood factors) and social environment (e.g., social support) on loneliness, depression, and cognition using path analysis, controlling for baseline. Data(n=15,087) was drawn from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Measures of housing, neighborhood and life satisfaction were used to construct an index of “at-homeness” based on theory. We found good model fit (TLI=.989; CFI=.999; RMSEA=.026; SRMR=.006). At-homeness(B=-.20, p<.001) rivaled the effect of social environment(B=-.19, p<.001) on loneliness. Together, physical environment and loneliness had as much effect on cognition as depression. If causality is supported, modifying older adults’ satisfaction with their home environment may reduce loneliness and cognitive decline.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".