Business Environment Effect on Formalization Willingness and Registration Decision of SMEs in Ivory Coast
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper analyses the effects of the business environment on the formalisation provision and the decision to register small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Ivory Coast, based on informal sector survey data collected in the cities of Abidjan, San-Pedro and Daloa. The study is based on descriptive analyses and estimation of a Probit model with selection. The analysis reveals that procedural complexity, information asymmetry and geographical location are the factors that significantly determine both the formalisation disposition and the decision to register businesses. It appears that, in addition to the business environment, subcontracting and the size of SMEs explain the decision to register them, while the possession of a business plan, access to infrastructures and markets are the determinants of formalisation. Thus, it appears that, in an integrated approach, the strengthening of tax incentives for SMEs operating in low-profit localities, the formalisation of subcontracting relationships, the dematerialization of procedures and the popularisation of reforms are proving to be a guarantee of the formalisation of informal activities.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it