Fully Printed pH Sensor Based in Carbon Black/Polyaniline Nanocomposite
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this work, a fully screen-printed and flexible potentiometric pH sensor was designed and fabricated by incorporating a carbon black (CB) paste/polyaniline emeraldine salt (PANI-ES) nanocomposite as the working electrode and Ag/AgCl as the quasi-reference electrode. Rather than the PANI electrochemical polymerization deposition method, the PANI-ES was blended with a commercial CB paste for screen-printing, enabling a fully printed and scalable process. As a result, a nanocomposite mixture of 99.1% CB and 0.9% PANI-ES emerged as a promising nanocomposite candidate to develop high-performance pH sensors. The sensor exhibited a near Nernstian sensitivity of 50 mV/pH, response time of 15 s at room temperature, high linearity in the pH range between 3 and 11 and reversible pH sensing performance. The sensing mechanism depends mainly on the degree of the oxidation states transition of PANI-ES at different pH levels. The proposed flexible pH sensor can be used to monitor a patient’s health and water quality.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it