Associations of mid-childhood bisphenol A and bisphenol S exposure with mid-childhood and adolescent obesity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a suspected obesogen that has been associated with adiposity in children. Bisphenol S (BPS), a structural analog of BPA, is used as a BPA substitute and may have similar health effects as BPA. However, few studies have examined whether BPS is associated with childhood adiposity. METHODS: We quantified urinary BPA and BPS concentrations in 212 children age 8 years from the HOME Study, a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort study that enrolled pregnant women in Cincinnati, Ohio (2003-2006). We assessed children's adiposity by bioelectric impedance at age 8 years (n = 212), and by anthropometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at age 12 years (n = 181). We measured serum adipocytokine concentrations at age 12 years (n = 155). Using multivariable linear regression, we estimated covariate-adjusted associations of BPA and BPS with adiposity measures at ages 8 and 12 years and adipocytokine concentrations at age 12 years. RESULTS: Each 10-fold increase in urinary BPA concentrations were inversely associated with percent body fat at age 8 years [β = -1.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -3.4, 1.0] and 12 years (β = -1.6, 95% CI = -4.0, 0.9). In contrast, urinary BPS concentrations were positively associated with percent body fat at age 8 years (β = 1.1, 95% CI = -0.6, 2.7), but not at 12 years (β = 0.1, 95% CI = -1.7, 1.8). Urinary BPA and BPS concentrations were not associated with serum adiponectin or leptin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: We did not observe evidence that urinary BPA or BPS concentrations during childhood were associated with greater child adiposity at ages 8 and 12 years in this cohort.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".